Ecology Portfolio
Hierachy of Ecology
In ecology, the smallest levels incorporate the rest. Thus the single organism incorporates the bigger ones. On the other hand, organisms that are abiotic and most involved first in an ecosystem that already contains individual organisms, populations, and communitties. An abiotic factor in the class scavenger hunt was a soil.
I worked by myself so I do not have a partners pink sheet.
Martin still hash't sent me the scavenger hunt materials.
Martin still hash't sent me the scavenger hunt materials.
As shown on the pink sheet ecology paper, bats are an organism involved in higher levels of ecology hierarchy. Bats have a habitat in dark places, often ossociated with being in caves or trees. Their niche is usually above insects, fruit, frogs, and sometimes mammals or birds but they are below larger bird and snake predators all depending which type species they are.
Since bats are so involved in an ecosystem, if they were to be removed it would hurt the ecosystem they are in. Their predators would probably be stable still becuase they usually have multiple food sources. The insect population though, would grow to much and causing inbalance in the ecosystem along with the loss of pollination and seed dispertion usually done by the bats.
Since bats are so involved in an ecosystem, if they were to be removed it would hurt the ecosystem they are in. Their predators would probably be stable still becuase they usually have multiple food sources. The insect population though, would grow to much and causing inbalance in the ecosystem along with the loss of pollination and seed dispertion usually done by the bats.
Demography
Demography is the study of populations of people including other factors that could effect future populations either growing or decreasing. When analyzing a population certain factors can be studied. Examples of these could be age distributions, birth rates, death rates, and economic state.
Two of the most studied factors latey are age distributions and death rates. Age distributions are very important for estimating future population growth and decreases for a particular population. By studying this, demography researchers can predict from school districts needing to expand to countries needing to produce more food to meet a growing population. The different aspects of the age distribution can determine the condition of the population and where it will stand in the future. As in different levels of a building, a population pyramid can be constructed to more easily see the different distributions of ages. The other highly studied factor is death rates. Death rates are usually easier to collect since records of them are usually kept more regularly in hospitals or graveyards. Death rates, especially recently, have been decreasing at a younger age. This means that future generations will have a dramatically higher proportion of elderly people and more elderly people being on average much older. These changes are mainly reflected upon by recent medical advancements allowing others to live longer.
Two of the most studied factors latey are age distributions and death rates. Age distributions are very important for estimating future population growth and decreases for a particular population. By studying this, demography researchers can predict from school districts needing to expand to countries needing to produce more food to meet a growing population. The different aspects of the age distribution can determine the condition of the population and where it will stand in the future. As in different levels of a building, a population pyramid can be constructed to more easily see the different distributions of ages. The other highly studied factor is death rates. Death rates are usually easier to collect since records of them are usually kept more regularly in hospitals or graveyards. Death rates, especially recently, have been decreasing at a younger age. This means that future generations will have a dramatically higher proportion of elderly people and more elderly people being on average much older. These changes are mainly reflected upon by recent medical advancements allowing others to live longer.
In the graph displayed above, the red line represents the rapid rise in birth rates compared to the delayed rate increase of deaths represented by purple. The carrying caapacity for the region of this population is represented by the grey dotted lines. Carrying capacity is the total population count that a region can support without the resourceses being exhausted and becoming unsustainable and unlivable.
Age structure of a population can show the future predictions of population distrubution and population increase. If there is a high middle aged group then in 30 years time there will be many more elders. Certain distributions in age groups close to reproductive prime groups can ensure an increase in population in the soon future.
Russia
Russia resides in Asia, spanning from the east side to the west. Currently, the death rate is actually exceeding the birth rates causing the population to slightly decrease. This is a reasonable thing for developed countries to do once medical and economical statuses increase. In Russia, only 13.471 percent of the population is over the age of 65. By looking at the population pyramid it is apparent that population will be decreasing in the future years. This is due to the much higher proportion of elders that will die soon and a smaller population of youth that will reproduce.
When looking at my fellow classmates' age structure pyramids it is obvious that Mexico was the one dramatically increasing in population. This can be determined because there is such a large grouping of the younger population of people that will and are in reproductive stage of their life and are having more children. On the other hand, countries as Japan are beginning to slowly decrease. This is apparent through the much smaller younger generations of people that once in reproductive stage, unless it dramatically changes, their offspring number will continue to decrease.
Age structure of a population can show the future predictions of population distrubution and population increase. If there is a high middle aged group then in 30 years time there will be many more elders. Certain distributions in age groups close to reproductive prime groups can ensure an increase in population in the soon future.
Russia
Russia resides in Asia, spanning from the east side to the west. Currently, the death rate is actually exceeding the birth rates causing the population to slightly decrease. This is a reasonable thing for developed countries to do once medical and economical statuses increase. In Russia, only 13.471 percent of the population is over the age of 65. By looking at the population pyramid it is apparent that population will be decreasing in the future years. This is due to the much higher proportion of elders that will die soon and a smaller population of youth that will reproduce.
When looking at my fellow classmates' age structure pyramids it is obvious that Mexico was the one dramatically increasing in population. This can be determined because there is such a large grouping of the younger population of people that will and are in reproductive stage of their life and are having more children. On the other hand, countries as Japan are beginning to slowly decrease. This is apparent through the much smaller younger generations of people that once in reproductive stage, unless it dramatically changes, their offspring number will continue to decrease.
World in Balance: People Paradox
Japan
Japan has been found to be decreasing over that past several years. Their decease is not attributed to famine or diverse disease but people having a movement to having fewer if any children. It is so extreme in some areas that schools are almost empty. One of the main causes of this is the new trends for woman. The trend is for women to have less children and focus on their careers. This creates a dilemma for the future work force for the country. Since their are less youth there will not be enough personal to fill the positions of their older counterparts. This may force Japan to allow immigrants to begin to be allowed into the country.
India
India is one of the most populous countries in the world. Even though they already hold this tittle their population is still continuing to grow. They have grown so much that if they continue they will exhaust their nations resources. There is hope though and it resides in the women. As women become more educated they will learn new tasks to obtain jobs or better their family health wise. This would allow families to go against their traditionally many children in the hopes a few will survive to work to make money for the family. If families reduce their offspring numbers to around 2 they will reproduce enough children to replace themselves and maintain a sustainable ecosystem.
Sub-Sahara Africa
In sub-Sahara countries, there is an epidemic of disease being spread around. That disease is AIDS. AIDS is a virus that attacks the immune system breaking it down and kill the victim. It can spread through sex so producing offspring always proves to be a risk for the women. Thus, the disease is often transmitted to others who will also evidentially die as well. New research has come out with medications women can take to prevent the risk of receiving AIDS. Without this the population would continue to decrease from people dying from the AIDS virus or not having children due to the increasing risks.
Japan has been found to be decreasing over that past several years. Their decease is not attributed to famine or diverse disease but people having a movement to having fewer if any children. It is so extreme in some areas that schools are almost empty. One of the main causes of this is the new trends for woman. The trend is for women to have less children and focus on their careers. This creates a dilemma for the future work force for the country. Since their are less youth there will not be enough personal to fill the positions of their older counterparts. This may force Japan to allow immigrants to begin to be allowed into the country.
India
India is one of the most populous countries in the world. Even though they already hold this tittle their population is still continuing to grow. They have grown so much that if they continue they will exhaust their nations resources. There is hope though and it resides in the women. As women become more educated they will learn new tasks to obtain jobs or better their family health wise. This would allow families to go against their traditionally many children in the hopes a few will survive to work to make money for the family. If families reduce their offspring numbers to around 2 they will reproduce enough children to replace themselves and maintain a sustainable ecosystem.
Sub-Sahara Africa
In sub-Sahara countries, there is an epidemic of disease being spread around. That disease is AIDS. AIDS is a virus that attacks the immune system breaking it down and kill the victim. It can spread through sex so producing offspring always proves to be a risk for the women. Thus, the disease is often transmitted to others who will also evidentially die as well. New research has come out with medications women can take to prevent the risk of receiving AIDS. Without this the population would continue to decrease from people dying from the AIDS virus or not having children due to the increasing risks.
Scavenger Hunt
Martin still hasnt given me the pictures
Food Chain/Food Web
In this food chain, the greatest holder level of energy is the Dogwood. This is due to the second law of thermodynamics, where energy that is passed on is in a different less useful form.